Linux 下挂载硬盘的 方法
装虚拟机时空间划小了，于是又加了5G的空间，折腾了半天，挂上去了。整理下弄个笔记，备用。1. 添加磁盘，查看磁盘状况 # fdisk -lDisk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks IdSystem/dev/sda1 * 151 1305 9277537+83Linux/dev/sda2 1 150 1204843+82Linux swapPartition table entries are not in disk orderDisk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks IdSystem
从查询结果看出，多了一个/dev/sdb的盘
2. 用fdisk 对/dev/sdb 进行分区
# fdisk /dev/sdbCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 1First cylinder (1-652, default 1):Using default value 1Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-652, default 652):Using default value 652
Command (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.
再次查看分区情况，多出来一个/dev/sdb1 的区，这个1是我们在前面指定的，如果我们指定2，就变成 sdb2了。
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks IdSystem/dev/sda1 * 151 1305 9277537+83Linux/dev/sda2 1 150 1204843+82Linux swapPartition table entries are not in disk order
Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks IdSystem/dev/sdb1 1 652 5237158+83Linux#
如果创建完之后，/proc/partitions 查看不到对应的分区，使用parprobe 命令刷新一下就可以了：# cat /proc/partitions
major minor#blocksname
8 0175825944 sda
8 1 1020096 sda1
8 2 30716280 sda2
8 3 8193150 sda3
# partprobe /dev/sda
# cat /proc/partitions
major minor#blocksname
8 0175825944 sda
8 1 1020096 sda1
8 2 30716280 sda2
8 3 8193150 sda3
8 4135893835 sda4
#
3. 格式化 /dev/sdb1 分区
# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1mke2fs 1.35 (28-Feb-2004)Filesystem label=OS type: LinuxBlock size=4096 (log=2)Fragment size=4096 (log=2)655360 inodes, 1309289 blocks65464 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super userFirst data block=0Maximum filesystem blocks=134217728040 block groups32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group16384 inodes per groupSuperblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736
Writing inode tables: doneCreating journal (8192 blocks): doneWriting superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 30 mounts or180 days, whichever comes first.Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
4. 创建目录 并将 /dev/sdb1 挂在到该目录下
# lsbackupdev initrd mediaopt sbin sys usrbin etc lib misc procselinuxtftpbootvarboot homelost+foundmnt rootsrv tmp# mkdir /u01# lsbackupdev initrd mediaopt sbin sys u01bin etc lib misc procselinuxtftpbootusrboot homelost+foundmnt rootsrv tmp var# mount /dev/sdb1 /u01
5. 验证挂载是否成功# df -kFilesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on/dev/sda1 9131772 7066884 160101282% /none 454256 0 454256 0% /dev/shm/dev/sdb1 5154852 43040 4849956 1% /backup
6. 设置开机自动挂载
# vi /etc/fstab# This file is edited by fstab-sync - see 'man fstab-sync' for detailsLABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1none /dev/pts devptsgid=5,mode=6200 0none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0none /proc proc defaults 0 0none /sys sysfs defaults 0 0LABEL=SWAP-sda2 swap swap defaults 0 0/dev/sdb1 /u01 ext3 defaults 0 0/dev/hdc /media/cdrom auto pamconsole,exec,noauto,managed 0 0/dev/fd0 /media/floppy auto pamconsole,exec,noauto,managed 0 0
关于/etc/fstab 命令，详见：Linux fstab 参数详解http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/archive/2011/02/18/6194358.aspx
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